Furnace



H.- T. BELLAMY ET A1.

Feb. 12, 1929.

.FURNA'CE y Filed April 18, 1924 Ivzwnom MZ i@ .Patented Feb. 12, 1929.

nire STATES BARR/Y TRISTE/AM BELLALMY, OF RIVER FDRIEST, .ANZDl WILLIAM HENRY GROVES, OF

MELROSE PAB/K, ILLINOS, ASSIGNORS T0 WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY, INCOR- IPORATED, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A. CRPORATION OF NEX/V YORK.

FURNAGE.

'Application filed April 18, 1924. Serial No. /O'fivitr` llhis invention relates kto furnaces, and more particularly to an improved furnace or kiln for the maturing of ceramic wares.

In some types of. furnaces, particularly those of the vertical type, it is found that the temperature varies widely throughout various parts of the l eating chamber. The

reasonfor this is that oftentimes there is along the sides, it is impossible to heat the' upper area of the chamber as hot as the lower. On account of the wide rangeof temperature from the bottom to the top of such furnaces, which sometimes is as much as 150 F., it is very diiiicult to get satisfactory results in carbonizing materials, heat treating, and particularly, the firing of ceramic wares., where a uniform firing temperature is necessary.

The burners or heat projecting members of many of the present types of furnaces usually comprise a tubular piece of steel, wrought iron or cast iron. It is a welllrnown fact that such burners corrode badly, due to the high temperature of the furnace, particularly after the burner is shut ofi' and the incoming gas no longer has a cooling effect.

An object of this invention is to insure a substantially uniform temperature throughout all parts of the heating chamber of a furnace.

Another obj ect of this invention is to produce a furnace having an outlet for the gases of combustion positioned intermediate the heating zones.

@ther objects of the present invention are to provide a furnace with improved heat projecting members and outlets for the gases of combustion.

A furnace constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the invention may comprise a cylindrical heating chamber, closed at the top and bottom, and provided with a plurality of burners, some of which are positioned near the top of the heating chamber, and others near the bottom thereof, thus establishing spaced heating zones therein.v A plurality of outlets for the gases of combustion may be provided, one of which is positioned in the wall of the heating chamber intermediate the top and'bottom burners. The burners and also the flues are 'cast from a refractory including silicon carbide.

ln the accompanying drawings, Y

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a furnace embodying the features of this invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2--2 of Fig.` 1 and lookingin the direction indicated by the arrows; and

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view through one of the burners.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, 10 represents a bed of tire brick or other refractory material upon which is mounted a cylindrical metal casing 11 supported by a plurality of clamping rings 12. The inner face of the cylindrical casing 11 is lined with a thiclr wall of fire brick or other refractory material 13, to form a cylindrical heating chamber 14. 'A suitable top 15 is provided to keep the heat within the heating chamber.

Extending tangentially through the casing 11 and lining 13 are a plurality of gas burners 16. A pair of these burners are positioned opposite each. other near the top of the heating chamber 14, and a second pair of burners are positioned opposite each other near the bottom of said heating chamber.

In this manner heating Zones are provided at the top and bottom of the chamber. The gas burners 16 are cast from carborundum, and are suitably connected to gas pipes 17, as by a threaded collar 18. Each burner is provided with an air pipe 19 which com prises a suitable length of wrought iron tubing concentrically disposed within said burner.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the furnace is provided with three iues 20, one of which is positioned near the top of the heating chamber, another near the bottom thereof; and the third, intermediate the top and bottom burners. The fines 20 are cast from a refractory, preferably carborundum, because of its high heat resisting quality.

. .of the `burners A and For a preferred method vof casting the burnersand flues from carborundum, refer-V ence is made to the pending application of Chas. C. Ramd, Serial No. 667,109, filed October 8, Y1923 on which Patent No.

1,564,274 issued. Cast Vc'arborunduin vlou-rners and flues are of much advantage, `espe-V use in high temperature furnaces, j,

cially for because of the inherent'high heat resisting qualityfof carborundum, and its llong/.life

irrespective of the severe abuse to which itV` may be subjected. l Also, by castingj,the Walls thinner than by the molding method, which enables them to better resist the abrupt t changesof temperature to which they are sometimes subjected. Y Y

, The articles to beV fired are placed in a sagger 21, Which is positioned in the center of the heating chamber. Either of the burn'- ers 16may be partially or` completely shutV off to Yregulate therheat Within the chambervv 14. When auniform temperature is secured V.throughout all parts ofthe heating chamber,

the individual burner valves are undisturbed thereafter and the furnace may be shut ofi1 and turned onby means of a valve on the main feed line, not shown.

A furnace embodying the featuresof this invention is particularly adapted for the ymaturingof ceramic Wares because the temperature is maintained substantially uniform throughout all parts of the heating chamber,

it never varying more than about 25 What is claimed is:

1. Ina furnace for ceramic materials, an inclosed chamber, a plurality of burners for establishing a plurality of heated 'zones therein,and a plurality of flues for the gases of combustion positioned in and intermediate said heated Zones. Y

Y 2. In a furnace for ceramic materials, anA inclosedheating chamber and means for maintaining a uniform temperature inthe flues may beinade much'` chambenfcomprising a plurality of burners projecting through the Wall of said chamber in different zones, and a flue located in each 3. In aifurna'ce for ceramicr materials, van inclosed heating `chamber and means -lfor maintaining a uniform temperature `in the chamber,

ture in the chamber, comprising a' plurality of burners projecting into said chamber at different levels, and a plurality of flues leading *froin diderent levels Yof the Aheating Y chamber.

5. In a furnaceV for ceramic materials, a vertically disposed heat-ing chamber ,and for maintaining a uniform temperature in the chamber, comprising a plurality comprising a pluralityof burners projecting through the Wall of saidcham'ber located near the top and bottoni thereof to' of burners, and a plurality of fines, said l burners and iiues being distributed throughout tliefheating chamber.' 'Y

6. In a furnace for ceramic materials, a

vertically disposedV heating chamber andr means for` maintaining a uniform temperature in the chamben'comprising a plurality lof burners arranged in diammetrically opposite pairs and at different levels of the heat ing chamber, and a plurality of flues spaced soY in circumferential symmetry and at different levels of the heating chamber.

In Witness whereof, We hereunto subscribe our names this fifth day of April, A. D.

HARRY TRisTnAMiBnLLAMY. WILLIAM HENRY Gnovns. 

